Sunday, 16 February 2014

Reinventing BAKWATA Part Two



Reinventing BAKWATA
Part Two
When these findings were made public and distributed to Muslims throughout the country and to the general public it came as a shock to both Muslims and the government. For the first time it was revealed that there was a system in the Ministry of Education supported by Christian functionaries which was discriminatory to Muslim youths, purposely barring them from institutions of higher learning. The government was flouting the cherished creed of religious tolerance and non-discrimination of its citizens on religion.

Such accusations and disclosure, and particularly coming from Muslims, threatened national unity. The government did not want to find out whether those findings on education were correct or not. Its interests were to know the brains behind Warsha isolate them from Muslims and then persecute them. The government was unprepared for such revelations and was worried by the direction, which BAKWATA was taking.  BAKWATA was now serving the cause of Islam.  This was not what President Nyerere had bargained for when he subverted the EAMWS and helped to found BAKWATA.  Sheikh Mohamed Ali as secretary of BAKWATA was taken to task for allowing the organisations to be hijacked by ‘’hot headed youths.’’ Warsha were accused of being anti-government and perpetrating animosity between Muslims and Christians through their writings. Nyerere ordered Aboud Jumbe to close all Muslim seminaries.

A meeting between Aboud Jumbe and BAKWATA was held at Jumbe’s official residence at Laibon Road. In attendance were Rashid Mfaume Kawawa, Adam Nasibu, Sheikh Mohamed Ali and Sheikh Abbas Makbul, a representative of Darul Iftar. The stand of Sheikh Mohamed Ali was that if those Muslim seminaries have to be closed then the decision to take that step should be laid upon the government. This was a difficult step to be taken by the government; as such an act would provoke Muslims. The meeting left the decision to close the seminaries upon BAKWATA. [1] BAKWATA took a unilateral decision and reverted the schools back to its original state. Warsha not endorsing BAKWATA’s decision called a meeting of all Muslims to discuss the problem. The Christian lobby used its powers and a crisis was fomented. The government issued a directive to reinstate the schools taken over by Warsha to their former secular status, that is, any Tanzania irrespective of faith should have access to them. The government accused Warsha of trying to divide the society along religious lines. The Christian lobby through the state-radio issued a warning that the meeting was illegal. Anyone attending that meeting would be arrested. This announcement was read by the Director of Radio Tanzania, [2] David Wakati. A crack squad from Oyster Bay police was sent to the school to stop the meeting and intimidate Muslim parents who had assembled to discuss the future of the school. Leading the squad was a Muslim officer one, Msafiri Himba. This is how the Christian lobby operates. It sets Muslims upon Muslims.

 The government saw the two Muslim seminaries, which were established less than a year as divisive but turned a blind eye to 19 Christian seminaries, which were in existence for almost a hundred years.

Adam Nasibu meanwhile in connive with of the government travelled to Moshi and the reason he gave to BAKWATA headquarters was that he was going to Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC) for treatment. But that was not the reason. Once in Moshi with the help of Sheikh Senare the BAKWATA chairman in Kilimanjaro and the late Sheikh Jambeni [3] from Tanga and other few hand picked BAKWATA members he called a secret meeting the agenda being how to oust Sheikh Mohamed Ali from leadership. It was decided by conspirators that a special meeting should be called in Dar es Salaam immediately to discuss what had transpired in BAKWATA since the banning of Muslim seminaries.  The government put at its disposal its manpower and sources to make the meeting a success. Members of the BAKWATA Central Committee were sent invitations through police message. A vast country like Tanzania communication is not easy. The government for urgent messages because of its efficiency usually uses this type of transmission. But this kind of message has another use in third world countries were authoritarian regimes are the order of the day; a police message is no ordinary message it frightens the receiver.

Sheikh Mohamed Ali was accused of flouting the BAKWATA constitution, conducting elections under an invalid constitution and in collaboration with Warsha, for "mixing religion with politics."  Sheikh Mohamed Ali was therefore expelled from BAKWATA and Warsha banned. But it was not possible to ban Warsha because the organisation was not in the first place registered. It was not therefore possible to ban an entity, which did not exist because Warsha was not officially registered with the Registrar of Societies. The statement that Warsha is a prohibited by the government from indulging in anything, which has to do with Muslims of Tanzania, did not affect its activities in any way.

The government gave the transfer of power in BAKWATA special significance by publishing the changes in its daily paper. [4] Warsha's mentor, Dr. Malik was declared a prohibited immigrant by the government and was required to leave the country within twenty-four hours. His students advised him to go to Zanzibar to wait and plan his next move. Dr. Malik was received on Aboud Jumbe's orders while his students sorted out certain issues for him, and packed his belongings in the mainland. Arrangements were made and Dr. Malik went to Nairobi where Islamic Foundation employed him. But before he left Dr. Malik told his students that BAKWATA were late in asking the government to deport him, he had alhamdulilah already accomplished his work. Indeed Dr. Malik had accomplished his work. The Muslims were aware of machinations against them and the struggle against Christian hegemony in Tanzania had passed to a different flock of Muslims. In the coming years students of Prof. Malik formed other powerful organisations, which exists up to the present time.

During Maulid celebrations of 1982 in Tabora,  Adam Nasib in the presence of the Vice-President, Rashid Kawawa through the state radio warned the government of enemies who had invaded the country, meaning Dr. Malik, Sheikh Mohamed Ali and Warsha. The government and BAKWATA to try to diffuse the situation by issuing statements condemning Warsha and white washing the government used the Maulid celebrations. Warsha had overtime managed to establish centres in certain areas of the country, Tabora being one of them. Warsha distributed statements from Tabora giving the Muslim position on the issue of Muslim seminaries.

Muslims were sympathetic to Warsha and took Warsha's struggle as their own struggle. Muslims helped Warsha to establish a school, Masjid Quba and Islamic Centre which was owned and managed by them. In retaliation to these effort the government refused to register the school. The government as a centre of “Muslim fundamentalism” perceived the school. The government went further to subvert the school by warning Muslim parents that students completing their education at Masjid Quba would not be recognised by it and would not be considered for further education or for employment. Warsha was not to be deterred they decided to run the school and educate Muslim children even without government registration. The school being perceived as a centre of Muslim militancy remained blacklisted by the government until 1988 when Prof. Malima as the first Muslim Minister of Education registered it. Members of Warsha used to say that they have their consent from Allah, they don’t need any permission from anyone. This was Warsha's motto.

End





[1] See article by Burhani Mtengwa, ‘Mikutano ya BAKWATA ni Njama za Kuhujumu Uislam” in Mizani 18-31 Januari, 1991.
[2] In the EAMWS crisis of 1968 the state owned radio was used very effectively as a propaganda tool against Muslims.
[3] Sheikh Jambeni as secretary of EAMWS Tanga was among those who supported the government in the banning of the society in 1968.
 [4]Daily News 16 June 1982.

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